Source: LIPASTO -calculation system, VTT
LIPASTO main page
Passenger waterborne traffic
Unit emissions of ferries and Ropax
Ferry, 18 kn, Finland - Sweden		CO	HC	NOx	PM10	PM2,5	CH4	N2O	SO2	CO2	CO2 eq.	Fuel consumption	Energy cons. [MJ]
[g/ship km]		313	69	4 241	216	173	29	10	890	359 234	362 915	112 857	4 666
[g/pkm]		0.19	0.043	2.6	0.13	0.106	0.018	0.0061	0.55	221	223	69	2.9
Passenger			Main			Passengers		Consumption		Sulphur content
capacity	GT	DWT	engines	Speed	Distance	from max.		Main	Auxiliary	HFO	MGO
[passengers]	[t]	[t]	[kW]	[knots]	[km]	[%]		[g/kWh]	[g/kWh]	[m-%]	[m-%]
2 600	43 000	3 800	27 000	18	400	50 %		190	210	0.47	0.1
Ferry, 18 kn, Finland - Estonia		CO	HC	NOx	PM10	PM2,5	CH4	N2O	SO2	CO2	CO2 eq.	Fuel consumption	Energy cons. [MJ]
[g/ship km]		352	80	6 972	253	203	32	11	2 650	395 204	399 225	124 232	5 153
[g/pkm]		0.22	0.049	4.3	0.16	0.125	0.020	0.0067	1.63	243	246	76	3.2
Passenger			Main			Passengers		Consumption		Sulphur content
capacity	GT	DWT	engines	Speed	Distance	from max.		Main	Auxiliary	HFO	MGO
[passengers]	[t]	[t]	[kW]	[knots]	[km]	[%]		[g/kWh]	[g/kWh]	[m-%]	[m-%]
2 600	43 000	4 000	30 000	18	84	50 %		190	210	1.45	0.1
Ferry, 24-27 kn, Finland - Estonia		CO	HC	NOx	PM10	PM2,5	CH4	N2O	SO2	CO2	CO2 eq.	Fuel consumption	Energy cons. [MJ]
[g/ship km]		423	90	8 966	277	221	40	14	3 982	494 876	499 983	155 377	6 403
[g/pkm]		0.34	0.072	7.2	0.22	0.18	0.032	0.011	3.19	396	400	124	5.1
Passenger			Main			Passengers		Consumption		Sulphur content
capacity	GT	DWT	engines	Speed	Distance	from max.		Main	Auxiliary	HFO	MGO
[passengers]	[t]	[t]	[kW]	[knots]	[km]	[%]		[g/kWh]	[g/kWh]	[m-%]	[m-%]
2 000	34 000	5 000	44 000	24	84	50 %		190	210	1.45	0.1
High speed craft 40 kn, Finland - Estonia		CO	HC	NOx	PM10	PM2,5	CH4	N2O	SO2	CO2	CO2 eq.	Fuel consumption	Energy cons. [MJ]
[g/ship km]		76	16	1 669	47	38	7	3	29	90 308	91 254	28 542	1 173
[g/pkm]		0.38	0.078	8.3	0.24	0.189	0.037	0.013	0.14	452	456	143	5.9
Passenger			Main			Passengers		Consumption		Sulphur content
capacity	GT	DWT	engines	Speed	Distance	from max.		Main	Auxiliary	HFO	MGO
[passengers]	[t]	[t]	[kW]	[knots]	[km]	[%]		[g/kWh]	[g/kWh]	[m-%]	[m-%]
400	950	60	9 000	40	84	50 %		190	210	0.05	0.1
Ropax, 18 kn, Finland - Germany		CO	HC	NOx	PM10	PM2,5	CH4	N2O	SO2	CO2	CO2 eq.	Fuel consumption	Energy cons. [MJ]
[g/ship km]		229	48	4 955	145	116	22	8	2 290	269 542	272 355	85 190	3 504
[g/pkm]		0.17	0.036	3.8	0.11	0.089	0.017	0.0058	1.74	205	208	65	2.7
Passenger			Main			Passengers		Consumption		Sulphur content
capacity	GT	DWT	engines	Speed	Distance	from max.		Main	Auxiliary	HFO	MGO
[passengers]	[t]	[t]	[kW]	[knots]	[km]	[%]		[g/kWh]	[g/kWh]	[m-%]	[m-%]
600	40 000	8 000	44 000	18	1 100	35 %		190	210	1.45	0.1
Ropax, 24 kn, Finland - Germany		CO	HC	NOx	PM10	PM2,5	CH4	N2O	SO2	CO2	CO2 eq.	Fuel consumption	Energy cons. [MJ]
[g/ship km]		396	81	8 726	245	196	39	13	4 165	471 437	476 374	149 000	6 119
[g/pkm]		0.30	0.062	6.6	0.19	0.15	0.030	0.010	3.17	359	363	114	4.7
Passenger			Main			Passengers		Consumption		Sulphur content
capacity	GT	DWT	engines	Speed	Distance	from max.		Main	Auxiliary	HFO	MGO
[passengers]	[t]	[t]	[kW]	[knots]	[km]	[%]		[g/kWh]	[g/kWh]	[m-%]	[m-%]
600	40 000	8 000	44 000	24	1 100	35 %		190	210	1.45	0.1
Both passengers and freight are transported in Ferries; 80% of emissions are allocated to passengers, 20% to freight.
Both passengers and freight are transported in Ropax ships; 16% of emissions are allocated to passengers, 84% to freight.
g/ship km = grams per ship kilometre (the transport of the entire ship over one kilometre)
g/pkm = grams per passenger kilometre (the transport of one passenger over one kilometre)
CO = carbon monoxide, HC = total hydrocarbons (including methane CH4), NOX = nitrogen oxides, PM10 = particulate matter below 10 micrometres, PM2,5 = particulate matter below 2,5
micrometres, CH4 = methane, N2O = nitrous oxide, SO2 = sulphur dioxide CO2 = carbon dioxide, CO2 eq. = equivalentic CO2, MJ = megajoule
GT = gross tonnage
DWT = deadweight tonnage = the sum of the masses of cargo, fuel, fresh water, ballast water, provisions, passengers and crew
HFO = heavy fuel oil
MGO = marine gas oil
[m-%] = mass percentage
30.3.2009
Last updated
By Kari Makela, VTT
Email: etunimi.sukunimi@vtt.fi