Source: LIPASTO -calculation system, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland
LIPASTO main page		Passenger railway traffic
Average emissions of railway traffic in Finland per passenger kilometre in 2007
	Unit emissions of passenger trains per train and passenger kilometre(1
	CO	HC	NOX	PM	CH4	N2O	SO2	CO2	CO2eq.	Electricity cons. [kWh](2	Fuel con- sumption [g]	Primary energy cons. [MJ](3	Seats per train	Load factor [%]
Intercity electric train [g/trainkm]	1.7	0.18	4.1	0.48	0.088	0.077	3.0	2640	2666	11		78	509
Intercity electric train [g/pkm]	0.010	0.0010	0.023	0.0027	0.00049	0.00043	0.017	15	15	0.062		0.44		35
Pendolino, electric fast train [g/trainkm]	2.0	0.20	4.7	0.55	0.10	0.088	3.4	3000	3029	12.5		89	309
Pendolino, electric fast train [g/pkm]	0.016	0.0016	0.038	0.0044	0.00081	0.00071	0.028	24	25	0.10		0.72		40
Local traffic, electric [g/trainkm]	0.93	0.094	2.2	0.26	0.047	0.041	1.6	1416	1430	5.9		42	184
Local traffic, electric [g/pkm]	0.014	0.0015	0.034	0.0040	0.00073	0.00064	0.025	22	22	0.092		0.65		35
Diesel train, railcar [g/trainkm]	0.28	0.16	12	0.095	0.016	0.046	0.011	1677	1692		530	23	63
Diesel train, railcar [g/pkm]	0.012	0.0072	0.52	0.0043	0.00075	0.0021	0.00048	76	77		24	1.0		35
(1 Emissions from electric locomotives cover the share of emissions in power stations corresponding to the use of electricity by locomotives. Ten year average.
(2 Electricity consumption stands for secondary electric energy from the trailing cable.
(3 Primary energy equivalents are calculated using the inverse of the average efficiency for electricity production in Finland (50,8 %), leading to primary energy conversion factor 1,97. The average efficiency of electricity production is ten year average (1998-2007) of the ratio of total electricity consumption (GWh) and consumption of primary energy sources (GWh). For diesel trains, heating value 43 MJ/kg is used.
g/pkm = grams per passenger kilometre (the transport of one passenger over one kilometre)
CO = carbon monoxide, HC = total hydrocarbons (including methane CH4), NOX = nitrogen oxides, PM = total particulate matter, CH4 = methane, N2O = nitrous oxide SO2 = sulphur dioxide CO2 = carbon dioxide, CO2 eq. = equivalentic CO2, MJ = megajoule
24.4.2009
Last Updated on
By VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Kari Makela
Email: firstname.lastname@vtt.fi